Choosing The Right Learner Car

Selecting which vehicle you do your private practice in is not always the same selection you'd make when deciding upon a driving instructor. There can be indeed many various reasons why you might choose one driving teacher over some other. Most people choose a recommendation, some people choose the driving school they see giving lessons in their location, some individuals ring the very first trainer they see on Google. Lots of people decide at the outset the fact that they need to learn with a specific car. But which car is perfect for learning to drive in?

Younger drivers who are looking for a driving instructor want to be able to drive a good looking, trendy vehicle. It isn't likely that a youn driver will be driving the same car as they learn in once they pass. They might be cruising around in an more aged vehicle, one that's inexpensive to run and also to get insurance for. A chance to drive in a gleaming completely new vehicle may well not come around again for quite a while, so choosing a cool looking car is a big factor for people who want to learn to drive. You'll want to opt for a driving school with a car that stands out, however is not one which stands out like a sore thumb.

One other element when choosing a vehicle for driving tuition is exactly what safety measures does the driving school vehicle have? New learner drivers vehicles have the latest modern safety features, such as Anti Lock Brakes, Passenger and Driver Airbags, and Crumple Zones. Which means you will be safer whist on driving lessons with all of this safety equipment installed. If you are unfortunate enough to be in an accident, you can expect to stand a better chance of escaping the accident unharmed. New cars are evaluated for protection by a Euro Ncap safety assessment , and assigned a star rating between 0-5 stars, 5 stars being the safest. Select a driving school with a car which has a five star rating if safety is a big factor for you. My Fiat 500 learner car has a 5 star safety rating.

For driving instructors, the choice is a balance between looks and value for money. Learner driver car insurance costs will unquestionably have to be considered. An ADI wouldn't normally aim to cover a GTi or a VXR, because the price of the insurance will be way too much to warrant. Plus, no individual with any sense would put a beginner in a powerful vehicle, despite the fact that this would appeal to a number of young drivers. A smaller car in a low insurance group would be a much more sensible choice.

One of the more essential things for driving instructors to think about when selecting a car for driving lessons, is the efficiency of the car. With many busy driving instructors covering 20,000 or more miles annually, miles per gallon (MPG) is an important aspect. The better the MPG, the less fuel the driving instructor will need to buy. Considering the expenses of fuel at a minimum of £5 per gallon, a tutor travelling 20,000 miles in a car doing 30 mpg, can pay £1300 annually more when compared with another instructor doing exactly the same miles in a vehicle that does 50 miles per gallon. Due to this, MPG needs to be one of the most crucial things to consider looking at it from the driving instructors point of view.
My top 5 cars for learning to drive in are as follows.

FIAT 500 TWIN AIR

Price: £10,865
Miles Per Gallon: 68.9
Insurance Group: 11
NCap Safety Rating (Adult): 5 Stars

AUDI A1 TFSI

Price: £13,420
Miles Per Gallon: 55.4
Insurance Group: 9
NCap Safety Rating (Adult): 5 Stars

CITROEN DS3 D-STYLE e-HDI

Price: £14600
Miles Per Gallon: 78.5
Insurance Group: 15
NCap Safety Rating (Adult): 5 Stars

VW POLO BLUEMOTION

Price: £14,995
Miles Per Gallon: 80.7
Insurance Group: 9
NCap Safety Rating (Adult): 5 Stars

MAZDA TS2

Price: £11,480
Miles Per Gallon: 55.4
Insurance Group: 11
NCap Safety Rating (Adult): 5 Stars

http://www.youngdrivers-carinsurance.org

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Using A Smartphone Whilst Driving May Be Worse Than Drink Driving

Recent research suggests that using a smart phone whilst driving is as dangerous, if not more dangerous, than driving whilst under the influence of drink and drugs. Lack of conentration and limited time looking at the road mean there has been an increase in phone related accidents.


How difficult it it to concentrate on driving and using your phone?

It's kind of obvious to most people that trying to update your facebook status whilst driving could lead to a loss of control, or even lead to a crash. But this doesn't stop people from doing it.

When driving around Bradford and Halifax, I can tell who is using a phone before I even see them doing it. The lack of attention to traffic signals, swerving, late lane changes, all tell tale signs that someone isn't taking much notice of the road ahead. If you tried tweeting from your smartphone whilst driving there is no way you could do it without taking your eyes off of the road. A very dangerous thing to be constantly doing, as the situation on the road ahead can change very easily.

It's practically impossible to do two things at the same time when driving. Studies have been conducted by the transport research laboratory using a realistic driving simulator and have shown that a driver's reaction times are increased by over 37% when, for instance, using a smartphone to update a facebook status while driving. People were unable to maintain a safe position on the road, and tended to drive over the speed limit and closer to the car in front, giving them less chance of stopping if the car in front was to all of a sudden brake.

The time spent looking down was increased to 60%, which meant that the drivers in the tests were not looking at the road more than half of the time. This is bound to become a massive problem for road safety on the roads, and with more and more smartphones becoming less expensive, the problem looks set to increase.

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How to deal with roundabouts

On approach to a roundabout you need to pay attention to all of the information on hand, which includes road signs, any traffic lights along with street markings which direct you in to the correct lane.

The driving examiner on your test of driving ability expects that you:

• Use the MSM routine
• Check you mirrors
• Decide if a signal is necessary
• Get the correct position and speed
• Look to make sure it is safe to go
• Be able to measure the speed of approaching traffic

Taking the first exit left at a roundabout

• Check the interior and left mirrors
• Signal left on approach
• Position in the left lane, or in the normal driving position
• Use your brakes to slow down to a suitable speed and choose the correct gear
• Look to the right and asses whether or not it is safe to emerge
• Keep your left signal on until after you have exited the roundabout

 
To take any other left exit or to follow the road ahead

• Check the interior and left mirrors
• No need to signal on approach
• Position in the left hand lane, unless signs or road markings say otherwise
• Use your brakes to slow down to a suitable speed and choose the correct gear
  
• Look to the right and asses whether or not it is safe to emerge
• Use MSM once you pass the exit before the one you need 
• Exit in the left lane

To turn right at a roundabout

• Check the interior and right mirrors
• Signal right on approach
• Position in the right hand lane
• Use your brakes to slow down to a suitable speed and choose the correct gear
  
• Look to the right and asses whether or not it is safe to emerge
• Keep positioned to the right whilst on the roundabout
• Use MSM once you pass the exit before the one you need
• Exit in the left lane as you keep checking your mirror

Mini-roundabouts. Approach these in the same way as regular roundabouts. All vehicles MUST attempt to pass around the central markings except large vehicles which are physically unable to do so.

Remember, there is less space to manoeuvre and less time to signal. Avoid making U-turns at mini-roundabouts. Beware of others doing this.

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Finding the right car insurance

Young driver's car insurance cover is well recognised to be the highest priced type of motor insurance policy. This is mostly for the reason that more youthful or less experienced drivers have always been far more likely to be part of a car crash where they were recognised to be accountable. This may seem somewhat unjust but there are plenty of statistics to back up this fact such as the following;

•    20% of recently qualified individuals will have an incident during the first 6 months of receiving their driving license
•    An 18 year-old driver is over three times more likely to be involved in an accident compared to a 50 year old

The two of these simple facts arise mainly due to the relative inexperience of the recently licensed driver when getting behind the wheel on the roads without the help of a driving instructor. The various driving conditions and driver's lack of driving experience means that lots of less experienced road users are much less confident driving, which results in substandard decision making when dealing with a developing hazard. 

Poor training or the requirement to pass quickly may possibly be the source of the specific issue. If young motorists, or people who have just passed their test of driving ability, had invested in some more hours learning to drive and learnt to drive to a more higher quality, then maybe the capabilities of planning ahead and hazard perception would prove invaluable. Training an individual to successfully develop into safe motorists for life is the key to minimising the price of more youthful motorists’  car insurance in the long term.

Young males in particular are seen to be the highest risk of driver. This may be due to them trying to impress their friends by undertaking more risky manoeuvres. Research says that more youthful males are a whole lot more likely to drive above the speed limit but even at the correct speed limit it may be too fast depending on the road conditions. This is considered by the insurance providers when providing young drivers car insurance cover quotes.

You can utilise nonetheless loads of special insurance companies in the UK offering a wide variety of prices for beginner drivers. The most beneficial thing for a newer driver to do before buying motor insurance would be to shop about. Make sure you obtain insurance quotations from a variety of different insurance organisations and then pick the one that you see as the most suitable. This may not always be the lowest cost motorcar insurance plan, but the one that suites your specifications as a driver.

One way to get hold of lots of insurance quotes at the same time is to use one of the ever popular insurance comparing sites. I would professionally recommend this as a good way of getting low priced car insurance. You fill in your personal information once and the insurance cover comparing web-site finds the best option for you. Although there are some insurance companies not on these insurance comparing sites so it is definitely worth doing the work to make certain you obtain the best insurance package.

Young drivers car insurance can be really expensive which is really frustrating if you cannot wait to get on the road after all the time and energy you put in to succeed at passing your driving test. Check around and get the best quotations and as long as you drive properly you can start to develop a record of careful, considerate driving. As long as you are a smart driver your insurance will reduce after each year with your no claims bonus. Drive like a fool, and you will keep paying higher premiums for a long period of time.

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Theory test changes

Later on this month, on the 23rd January 2012 to be precise, the DSA will implement various changes to the driving theory test. You may know of these theory test changes as your driving instructor may have already told you something about them on your driving lessons. If you haven’t heard about the theory test changes or just need a reminder, here are the details of what the changes to the theory test actually are:

• The DSA will no longer publish the official theory test questions - This means that the theory test questions used for your revision of topics, will not be the same as the questions used in the actual official driving theory test. A new, secret, question bank will be used for the theory test.

• A separate practice question bank for revision purposes – These are the new questions to be used in the DSA approved theory test DVDs and books. Any older resources will not have the new questions.
  

• All study materials to now include new explanations – The DSA requires all study resources to include their official explanations to help ensure pupils taking the theory test fully understand the answer to each question on the theory test.

==>Click here for the best priced Official DSA complete Theory test kit 2012 edition on Amazon<== 

The official complete theory test kit, as in the link above, has everything you need to practice for your theory test. It includes the latest explanations and fully complies with the theory test changes.

Every pupil at Richard Miller driving school gets free access to Theory Test Pro. This is an online theory test revision software that has been fully updated to include all the theory test changes and any future changes.

Theory Test Pro allows users to take mock theory tests online. It also allows both pupils and instructors to track the pupil's performance, and identify and improve on any weak spots. This ensures candidates will have the required understanding of driving theory when they’re ready to take the actual driving theory test.

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Driving through floods

The news is full of pictures and stories of flooding this morning. Below is some helpful advice on driving through floods.

Floods usually happen when rivers burst their banks, after a period of sustained rainfall. High amounts of water can cause flash-floods, or floods in areas where the drains and sewers get full and there is nowhere for the water to drain away.
As with all emergencies when driving prevention is better than cure. If on the news and weather forecast flooding is widespread it would be safer to stay at home and avoid trips that are not absolutely necessary.
If you are in a flood affected area move your car to a safe place as soon as you realise flooding could be an issue. Be aware that if the road is already flooded, moving your vehicle could pose a serious risk - never underestimate the dangers of flood water.

Things to think about...

• Flash floods can come suddenly and without warning. They are a common problem near rivers that could break their banks.

• Never attempt to drive through a flood that you wouldn't walk through and be aware that water hides dips in the road.There could be rocks and debris under the water that you cannot see.

• Just ten centimetres of water will reach the bottom of most passenger cars; this depth could cause loss of control or the car could stall as water is sucked into the air intake or exhaust.

• Roads are designed with a camber to allow the rain to drain off to the side of the road. When driving through a flood drive in the middle of the road where there will be less water.

• Have consideration for other drivers - pass through flooded areas one car at a time and don't take up all of the road if someone is coming in the opposite direction.
  

• Many cars will start to aqua plane in as little as one foot of water - this can be highly dangerous because as the wheels lose grip, you lose control.

• A couple of feet of moving water can sweep away most vehicles including large four wheel drive vehicles. Don't try driving through fast-moving water, for example approaching a flooded bridge, your car could easily be swept into the a river.  

If you do need to go out driving in the heavy rain make sure you have a suitable rain coat, wellington boots and umbrella just in case you get caught in the floods.

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Save 22% on Christmas Driving lessons

Give your loved ones a course of driving lessons for Christmas! 

Richard Miller driving school has a variety of gift packages to chose from, with some great savings. If driving lessons are on the list this Christmas , then look no further.


Driving lessons for Christmas deal one - £170.00 saving you £39.99

• 10 hours of driving lessons worth £200
• Official DSA guide to learning to drive book worth £9.99
• Free theory test training - priceless
• Gift voucher

Driving lessons for Christmas deal two - £250.00 saving you £59.99

• 15 hours of driving lessons worth £300
• Official DSA guide to learning to drive book worth £9.99
• Free theory test training - priceless
• Gift voucher

Driving lessons for Christmas deal three - £320.00 saving you £79.99 (22%)

• 20 hours of driving lessons worth £400
• Official DSA guide to learning to drive book worth £9.99
• Free theory test training - priceless
• Gift voucher

These are just a sample of the great deals for Christmas driving lessons in Bradford and Halifax with Richard Miller driving school. You can also get a Christmas driving lesson course that is tailored to your needs. Just get in touch and we can make a course of driving lessons to suit you.

Give them driving lessons for Christmas this year, and give them a gift for life.

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When does your child nead a child seat?

Your child needs a rear-facing baby seat until they weigh up to 13 kilogrammes. Baby seats have their own (integral) straps. The adult seat belt or ISOFix system is used to hold the baby seat in place.

You must not use a rear-facing car seat in a seat with a front airbag, unless the airbag has been deactivated. In a crash, a rear-facing seat would be hit by a frontal airbag and could be knocked up towards the rear of the vehicle. Check your car's handbook for advice about deactivating any airbags. When the airbag is deactivated, move the car's seat as far back from the dashboard as possible.

When your child weighs between 9 and 18 kilogrammes and has outgrown their rear-facing baby seat, they can use a forward or rearward-facing baby seat. These seats also have their own straps or impact shield and are held in place by the adult seat belt or ISOFix system.

In a seat with a front airbag, make sure a forward-facing child seat is as far back from the airbag as possible.

Children weighing from 15 to 25 kilogrammes can use a child car seat (booster seat). These are forward-facing and may have backs or side wings. Child car seats don't have their own straps - your child is held in using the adult seat belt and the seat is held in place by the adult seat belt and/or the ISOFix system.

When your child reaches 22 kilogrammes, they can use a booster cushion. These may not have backs but raise your child in the car's seat so they can use the adult seat belt.

Many child seats are approved as both Group II and Group III restraints and can be used for children from 15 kilogrammes until they're ready to use an adult seat belt. Check the label and instructions that come with the seat or booster.

If your child weighs more than 36 kilogrammes but isn’t 135 centimetres tall, they must continue using a booster seat. This is safer than using only an adult belt.

Children with disabilities must use a child seat or seat belt, unless a doctor decides they are exempt on medical grounds. However, they may use disabled person's seat belts or child restraints designed for their needs. For more information about medical exemptions, contact your doctor. You can download a leaflet from the link below to take to your doctor.

Only European-approved baby seats, child car seats or booster cushions can be used in the UK. These have a label that shows a capital "E" in a circle.

If possible, try the seat in your car before you buy. Ask the sales assistant for advice on how to fit the seat correctly.


Be extremely cautious if you're offered a secondhand seat or booster. Always check that it:

•     is an up-to-date model

•     has full fittings and instructions

•     hasn't been involved in a crash

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Theory test topics - Vulnerable road users

People doing driving lessons, inexperienced and older drivers are the most vulnerable types of driver.

The most vulnerable road users are pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists and horse riders. Always be aware of their presence on your driving lessons and treat them with respect. It's particularly important to show consideration to children, elderly and disabled people. 

Pedestrians

Pedestrians normally use a pavement or footpath. Take extra care if they have to walk in the road

• when the pavement is closed due to street repairs
• on country roads where there's no pavement.

On country roads, pedestrians are advised to walk on the right-hand side of the road so they are facing oncoming traffic. As a driving school in Bradford and Halifax there may be many occasions when we will be driving on some country roads on your driving lesson. Signs may warn you of people walking in the road. While on your driving lessons, or when you have passed your test, look out for these road signs.
A large group of people, such as those on an organised walk, may walk on the left-hand side. At night, delegated people at the front and rear of the group should carry bright lights – white at the front, red at the rear – to warn approaching vehicles of their presence.
Watch out for pedestrians already crossing when you're turning into a side road. They have priority, so wait for them to cross.
Be ready to slow down and stop as you approach a pedestrian crossing.

• Zebra crossings – slow down and prepare to stop if someone is waiting to cross.
• Pelican crossings are light controlled. During the flashing amber phase, give way to pedestrians on the crossing. If the lights change to green while someone is still crossing, be patient and wait until they have finished crossing.
• Puffin crossings have sensors to detect when people are on the crossing. The lights don't change from red until the crossing is clear.
• Toucan crossings – cyclists can cross at the same time as pedestrians. There's no flashing amber phase.

Children

Children cause particular problems because they can be unpredictable. They are less likely than other pedestrians to look before stepping into the road.
Drive carefully near schools when on your driving lesson or once you have passed your driving test:

• there may be flashing amber lights under a school warning sign. Reduce your speed until you're clear of the area
• be prepared for a school crossing patrol to stop the traffic by stepping out into the road with a stop sign.

Don't wait or park on yellow zigzag lines outside a school. A clear view of the crossing area outside the school is needed by

• drivers on the road
• pedestrians on the pavement.

Buses and coaches carrying schoolchildren show a special sign in the back. This indicates that they may stop frequently and not just at normal bus stops. I make sure all my pupils do at least one driving lesson at school time.

Elderly and disabled pedestrians

If you see elderly people about to cross the road ahead on your driving lesson, be careful as they may have misjudged your speed. If they are crossing, be patient and allow them to cross in their own time. Keep this in mind after you have passed your driving test too.
Treat disabled pedestrians as you would able-bodied, but be patient as they may need extra time to cross the road. A pedestrian with hearing difficulties may have a dog with a

• distinctive yellow or burgundy coloured coat or
• distinctive orange lead and collar.

A person carrying a white stick with a red band, or walking with a dog wearing a red and white check harness, is both deaf and blind.
Take extra care as they may not be aware of vehicles approaching, especially on your driving lessons as you may not be making as much noise as someone who is driving faster.

Cyclists

Cyclists should normally follow the same rules as drivers, but they are slower and more vulnerable. In some areas signs may indicate special cycle or shared cycle and pedestrian routes.
Advanced stop lines are provided to allow cyclists to position themselves in front of other traffic. When the lights are red or about to become red you should stop at the first white line. We will practice this a lot on your driving lessons, as in Bradford and Halifax there are a lot of cycle lanes.
If you're overtaking a cyclist, give them as much room as you would a car. They may need to swerve

• to avoid a drain or an uneven road surface
• if they're affected by the wind.

A cyclist going slowly, or glancing over their shoulder to check for traffic, may be planning to turn right. Stay behind and give them plenty of room.
Never overtake a cyclist (or moped) just before you turn left. Hold back and wait until they have passed the junction before you turn.
When you're emerging from a junction, look carefully for cyclists. They're not as easy to see as larger vehicles. Also look out for cyclists emerging from junctions.
Be aware of cyclists at a roundabout. They are slower and more vulnerable than other road users, and may decide to stay in the left-hand lane whatever direction they're planning to take. Hold back and give them plenty of room.

Motorcyclists

Several of the points above are also relevant to motorcyclists. Remember to leave extra room while following or overtaking a motorcycle, and look out for indications that they may be about to turn right. Look carefully for them at junctions, as they are smaller than other road users and are harder to see.
When you're moving in queues of traffic, either on your driving lessons, or once you pass your driving test, be aware that motorcyclists may

• filter between lanes
• cut in just in front of you
• pass very close to you.

Before you turn right, always check for other traffic, especially motorcyclists, who may be overtaking.
If there's a slow-moving motorcyclist ahead and you're unsure what the rider is going to do, stay behind them in case they need to change direction suddenly.
In order to improve their visibility, motorcyclists often wear bright clothing and ride with dipped headlights, even during the day.
Motorcyclists also wear safety equipment, such as a helmet, to protect themselves. If there's been an accident and you find a motorcyclist has been injured, seek medical assistance. Don't remove their helmet unless it's essential.

Animals

Always drive carefully if there are horses or other animals on the road. Go very slowly and be ready to stop.
When it's safe to overtake

• drive slowly
• leave plenty of room.

Take particular care when approaching a roundabout. Horse riders, like cyclists, may keep to the left, even if they're signalling right. Stay well back.

Other drivers

The reactions of other drivers, especially inexperienced or older drivers, may be slower than yours. Learner drivers may make a mistake such as stalling at a junction. Try to be patient.
Statistics show that 17 to 25-year-olds are the most likely to be involved in a road incident. Newly qualified drivers can decrease their risk of incidents, particularly on the motorway, by taking further training. Find out more about the Pass Plus scheme from your ADI or by calling 0115 936 6504 or 6563 (Pass Plus is not available in Northern Ireland).

FAQs

Reversing seems to be a dangerous manoeuvre. How can I be sure it’s safe on my driving lessons?
Always check the area behind the learner car very carefully. Look especially for children, who are difficult to see. Get out and check if you're not sure. Stop and give way to any pedestrians crossing the road behind you.
What should I do if parked vehicles restrict my view when emerging from a junction?
Stop, then creep forward slowly until you have a clear view.
How can I tell if someone is going to cross the road between parked cars?
You can't, but look for tell-tale signs such as a ball bouncing out into the road or a bicycle wheel sticking out between cars. Slow down and be prepared to stop.
Who is most vulnerable at road junctions?
Junctions are dangerous places, especially for those who can't be seen as easily, eg pedestrians, cyclists and motorcyclists. Always take extra care.
What does a flashing amber beacon on the top of a vehicle mean?
This indicates a slow-moving vehicle. A powered vehicle used by a disabled person must have a flashing amber light when travelling on a dual carriageway.
Why do I need to be careful if a bus has stopped on the other side of the road?
Pedestrians may come from behind the bus and cross the road, or dash across from your left.
If I have a collision, what’s the first thing I have to do?
Stop. By law, you must stop at the scene of the incident if damage or injury is caused to any other person, vehicle, animal or property.
What can I do if I'm being dazzled by the vehicle behind?
Set your mirror to anti-dazzle, if you're able. Slow down and stop if you can't see.
A friend wants to teach me to drive. Do they need any special qualifications?
Anyone who accompanies you must

• be over 21
• have held, and still hold, a full licence for that category of vehicle for at least three years.

You're strongly advised to take lessons with an Approved Driving Instructor who is part of a driving school, or an independent driving instructor, to ensure that you're taught the correct procedures from the start.

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Theory test topics - Vehicle loading

Vehicle stability

You, as a driver, are responsible for making sure that your vehicle isn't overloaded. Overloading can seriously affect the handling, especially steering and braking.
Securely fasten any load carried on a roof rack. A heavy load will reduce the stability of your vehicle.

Passengers

All passengers should wear seat belts if they're fitted. You, as a driver, are responsible for ensuring that all children (under 14 years) wear a suitable restraint. The type of restraint varies with the age of the child. For example, for a child under three years, one of the following is suitable

• a baby carrier
• a harness
• a child seat.

Under no circumstances should a passenger travel in a caravan while it's being towed.

Towing

If you're planning to tow a caravan, it'll help the handling of your vehicle if you have a stabiliser fitted to your towbar. This will help particularly when driving in crosswinds. You can also fit a breakaway cable to the trailer braking system as an additional safety device.
If a trailer or caravan starts to swerve or snake as you're driving along, ease off the accelerator and reduce your speed gradually to regain control.
On a three-lane motorway, towing vehicles are restricted to

• a 60 mph (96 km/h) speed limit
• the left-hand and centre lanes only – they must not use the right-hand lane.

FAQ

Should my driving schools car tyres always be inflated to the same pressure?
Inflate your tyres to a higher pressure

• when you're carrying a heavy load
• if you're driving fast for a long distance, such as on a motorway.

Your vehicle handbook should tell you the correct pressure for different circumstances.
How will I know the maximum weight that can be put on the towbar?
The maximum noseweight which should be applied to your vehicle's towbar can normally be found in the vehicle handbook.

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Top 10 tips for keeping safe on the road this winter

It’s snowing in Bradford and Halifax today and with forecasters predicting further freezing temperatures ahead, here are the 10 top tips I give on driving lessons on how to drive safely this winter.

Keep your lights clear

In this filthy weather, it isn't just your windscreen that gets grimy. Regularly wipe your lights and check the bulbs so that you can be confident other road users can see you when you are driving.

Check your tyres

Are your tyres up to the gruelling weather? While many of us would prefer not to kit our car out with expensive snow tyres unless it's absolutely essential, there are still ways to help your tyres get through the winter.

Check they have a suitably deep tread so that they can grip the road in icy conditions, and ensure they are inflated to the manufacturer's recommended pressure for the vehicle and load.

Have a clean windscreen

Are your wiper blades worn and is your screen washer running low? This is not a good idea in the winter, when visibility is dramatically reduced by the weather, while a low sun highlights every smear on the screen but makes it hard to see the road.

Replace your windscreen wipers if needed and top up your screen washer. Consider adding less water to the concentrate solutions, to make it even less likely to freeze over.

Also, never be tempted to drive off without fully clearing your windows of ice and condensation. If you caused an accident because you couldn't see car insurance could rocket.

Clear snow from the roof of your car to prevent it falling across your windscreen once you get up to speed.

Drive well

No matter how ready your car is to brave the weather, if you're not driving carefully then you're still at risk.

Leave extra time for journeys so that you aren't rushing in poor weather conditions and don't be tempted to speed when visibility is bad and the roads are icy or wet.

Remember to increase stopping distances by ten times more than usual if there is snow and ice on the road. Also be aware of how the wind can affect your steering, especially in exposed locations like bridges.

Never speed in wintry weather; you may not be able to see what you're speeding towards and black ice could cause you to skid out of control. 

Buy breakdown cover

Breakdown companies reported record call outs last weeks, as motorists struggled to contend with treacherous driving conditions. Whether your car conks out on the motorway in the snow or you accidentally lock your keys inside car while de-icing it, a breakdown policy could save you potentially hundreds of pounds.

Comprehensive cover starts from as little as £30 a year, so driving without it could prove a false economy if you consider that some garages charge call-out fees which are more than double this.

More importantly, it also means you have someone to call when you are stuck. Otherwise, you'd risk having to join the queue for your nearest garage - and you won't necessarily be a priority.

By comparing breakdown cover you can find the best price for the protection you need and have peace of mind this winter.

Pack warm things

If you're planning to hop into a warm car and drive to a warm office, you may not bother taking a coat. But if you do break down, the safest place to be is outside the car and away from the road.

That means it's essential to take warm clothes with you on every journey.

With so many drivers getting stuck in traffic overnight because of snow, it's also a good idea to pack blankets or even a duvet in the boot - just in case.

You won't be able to keep your engine running indefinitely and you don't want to freeze. If you're going on a long journey in the cold, you might also want to pack a flask of hot tea or coffee in case you end up stranded. 

Get your vehicle serviced

If you want to have real confidence in your car this winter, why not get it serviced? If your vehicle is in good running order then you can feel more confident about the journeys you do have to make.

Ask your garage to check and replace the anti-freeze in your radiator too, giving you extra protection from a weather-related breakdown.

Now is a good time to consider investing in a new car battery too. Most have two to four years of reliable life, so if yours is older then consider replacing it before it gives up the ghost and leaves you stranded.

Plan every journey carefully

When driving conditions are hazardous, you should limit the time you spend on the road as much as possible.

Getting lost or taking longer routes increases your chances of trouble, so plan every journey in advance.

It may even be worth investing in a SatNav so that you can take the shortest or quickest journey possible.

Watch out for warnings

When there's a severe weather warning, or the police are recommending you only drive if you have to, take these seriously. Give some thought to which journeys are really necessary and don't go out if it isn't important

Pack a few essentials

As well as warm clothes and blankets, if you can take a few minutes to pack some winter gear in your vehicle, you'll be better placed to cope with anything the big freeze throws at you.

You should carry a torch, de-icer and scraper, battery jump leads, first aid kit and even a shovel if you're experiencing particularly heavy snow.

Don't forget sunglasses so that the low winter sun doesn't make it difficult to see the road, and make sure your phone is fully charged before you set out.

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Theory test topics - Vehicle handling

Various conditions can affect the handling of your vehicle on driving lessons in Bradford or driving lessons in Halifax. These can roughly be divided into

• weather and light conditions
• control and speed
• road surfaces.

Weather conditions

Rain or wet conditions

When it's raining or the road is wet, leave at least double the normal stopping distance. If you're following a vehicle at a safe distance and another vehicle pulls into the gap you've left, drop back to regain a safe distance.
On wet roads, watch out for motorcyclists who may suddenly change direction to avoid slippery drain covers.
When visibility is poor but not seriously reduced during the day, use dipped headlights to help other road users to see you.
In winter a ford is more likely to flood, making it difficult to cross. There may be a depth gauge, which will help you decide whether you should go through. If you decide to continue

• use a low gear
• drive through slowly
• test your brakes afterwards: wet brakes are less effective.

Fog

When visibility is seriously reduced you must use headlights, or fog lights if you have them. ‘Seriously reduced' generally means if you can't see for more than 100 metres (328 feet).
Never use front or rear fog lights unless visibility is seriously reduced. If you've been using them and conditions improve, remember to switch them off. Don't use fog lights when they're not needed because

• you may be breaking the law
• they can dazzle other drivers
• drivers behind you won't be able to see your brake lights as clearly, or they may think you're braking when you're not.

Always keep your speed down in foggy weather, as it's harder to see what is happening ahead. Increase your distance from the vehicle in front, in case it stops or slows suddenly. Allow plenty of time for the journey, this will be accounted for when you have driving lessons.
Be especially careful when driving on motorways in fog, although you will not drive on motorways during driving lessons – reflective studs help you to see the road ahead. In particular

• red studs mark the left-hand edge of the carriageway
• amber studs mark the central reservation.

Very bad weather

If it's very foggy or snow is falling heavily, don't travel unless your journey is essential. If you must travel, take great care and allow plenty of time.
Before you start out, make sure that

• your lights are working
• your windows are clean.

In deep snow, consider fitting chains to your wheels to help grip and prevent skidding.
When on the road keep well back – increase the gap between yourself and the vehicle ahead in case it stops suddenly. In icy conditions it can take ten times the normal distance to stop compared to dry conditions.

Windy Weather

Wind can affect all vehicles. A sudden gust may catch your vehicle

• when passing a high-sided vehicle on the motorway
• when driving on an exposed stretch of road.

Driving at night

Make sure that your headlights don't dazzle

• the vehicle you're following
• any oncoming traffic
• other road users.

If you're dazzled by the headlights of an oncoming vehicle, slow down or stop to remain in full control.
Be extra careful when you overtake at night. You can't see as far ahead and there may be bends in the road.
On a motorway, use

• dipped headlights, even if the road is well-lit
• sidelights if you've broken down and are parked on the hard shoulder. This will help other road users to see you.

Control and speed

Keep full control of your vehicle at all times, especially during driving lessons in Bradford or driving lessons in Halifax. Driving with the clutch down or in neutral for any length of time (coasting) reduces control, especially of steering and braking. Your driving school instructor should make sure you do not do coast on your driving lessons. This is especially dangerous when travelling downhill as the vehicle will pick up speed quickly and there's no engine braking.
You can use your vehicle's engine to help control your speed. Select a lower gear when driving down a steep hill. This can be especially important as your brakes may become less effective due to overheating.
When driving up a steep hill, the engine will work harder and you'll slow down sooner.
Take extra care on a single-track road. If you see a vehicle coming towards you pull into, or opposite, a passing place.
Always drive in accordance with the conditions. Your stopping distance will be affected by

• your speed
• the condition of your tyres
• the weather.

Try to avoid skidding, as it can be hard to regain control once a skid has started. If you do not have anti-lock brakes and your vehicle begins to skid when you are braking on a wet road, the first thing you should do is release the footbrake. If the rear wheels of your vehicle begin to skid, steer into the skid by turning the steering wheel in the same direction. Avoid braking suddenly or harshly, as this will make the situation worse.

Traffic calming and road surfaces

Traffic calming is used to slow down traffic and make the roads safer for vulnerable road users, especially pedestrians. One of the most common measures is road humps (sometimes called speed humps). Stay within the speed limit and don't overtake other vehicles within these areas.
In towns where trams operate, the areas used by the trams may have a different surface texture or colour. This may be edged with white line markings.
A rumble device (raised markings across the road) is often used to

• alert you to a hazard, such as a roundabout
• encourage you to reduce speed.

FAQs

Am I allowed to wait in a box junction on my driving lessons?
Yes, if you want to turn right and your exit's clear but you're prevented from turning by oncoming traffic.
Do I need to leave sidelights on when I park on a two-way road?
Leave your sidelights on

• if the speed limit's more than 30 mph (48 km/h)
• when it's foggy.

Always park on the left hand side of the road.
I'm following a slow-moving vehicle on driving lessons. I want to overtake but it’s been signalling right for some time. What should I do?
Wait for the signal to be cancelled before overtaking. The other driver may have misjudged the distance to a road junction or there might be a hidden hazard.
Are there any times when I can overtake on the left?
Yes

• if you're in a one-way street
• when the vehicle in front is signalling to turn right
• in slow-moving queues when traffic in the right-hand lane is moving more slowly than traffic in your lane.

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Don't get ripped off

Parallel parking...Emergency stop...reversing...all manoeuvres you will have to master on your driving lessons to pass your driving test. Unfortunately some driving schools in Bradford and driving schools in Halifax are using other “manoeuvres” to get their hands on your cash.

 

Is your Driving Instructor a trainee?

 

All fully Qualified driving instructors must display their green DSA (Driving Standards Agency) badge in their windscreen when giving driving lessons. This green license proves they've completed the rigorous tests set out by the DSA to become an Approved Driving Instructor (ADI). Nine out of Ten people who pass first time were trained by a fully qualified driving instructor.

The qualifying process consists of three tests:

• theory (part one)        
• driving ability assessment (part two)
• test of instructional ability (part three)

Once they pass all three it means that they can legally charge a fee to give driving lessons and have proved they have the ability to teach you how to drive.  

Large Driving schools like Red and BSM allow their Potential Driving Instructors (PTI) to take driving school pupils out on driving lessons even though they aren't fully licensed. These PTI's must display the Pink Trainee Badge for this to be legal. These potential instructors might not ever become ADI's if they don't pass any of the tests in the first two attempts. 

The driving schools won't tell you that your driving instructor isn't qualified but they will still charge you the full price for the driving lesson. Check that there's a green badge in the windscreen of your driving instructor's car. It they have a pink, trainee license then you might not be getting the quality driving instruction you are paying for.


I have the green badge in my window. This proves I have the ability, as tested by the Driving Standards Agency, to teach people how to learn to drive in Bradford and Halifax. Whoever you choose for driving lessons in Bradford or driving lessons in Halifax, make sure they have the green ADI license, otherwise it may take you longer to pass your driving test than you think.

 

Don't fall for the introductory price con.

A lot of driving schools do "first five driving lessons for...", where they charge new pupils taking driving lessons not very much for the first five or so driving lessons. The problem is you might not do much actual driving in those first five driving lessons and after the first five the price or the driving lessons go up dramatically. They also say if you have had driving lessons before you will not get the introductory driving lesson rate. The DSA recommend 40 - 50 hours of driving lessons for the average person to be able to pass their driving test. This could end up costing you a lot more with an "initial offer" driving school in Bradford over the course of your driving lessons than if you chose a driving instructor who has the same rate for driving lessons throughout time you are learning to drive as a pupil.

The example below shows the price of 40 hours of driving lessons with Richard Miller, Bill Plant and another typical local driving school.

                                                         

Richard Miller	Bill Plant	Another typical driving school
£18 per hour (if you buy 10 hours)	First five driving lessons for £56 then £22 per hour	First five driving lessons £60 then £21.00 per hour
£720 for 40 hours of driving lessons	£826 for 40 hours of driving lessons	£795 for 40 hours of driving lessons

As an independent driving instructor I charge the same rate for driving lessons throughout your whole time as a pupil with my driving school in Halifax or Bradford. If you buy 10 hours a £180 then you can do the same when they run out. So there are no hidden surprises or extra costs halfway through your driving lessons  course. If you start with me on a deal, then you continue to get that same deal until you pass. Its no coincidence that you cannot see the lesson rate on these other driving schools' websites for the price of driving lessons after your initial deal. They don't want you to see that bit.

 

Do you share driving lessons with other pupils?

Some driving schools in Bradford have a trick up their sleeve to maximise their time instructing. They pick you up whilst on another driving lesson. You then take the other pupil home as part of your driving lesson. This means you have a driving school pupil in the back while you get warmed up. This could put you off your driving lesson and hinder your performance. 

They can also overlap driving lessons and class your time in the back as part of your driving lesson. So you only get 45 minutes in an hours driving lesson actually sat in the driving seat. The driving instructor will tell you that you are still learning as they instruct the other driving school pupil, but it's not really giving you value for money.

Once you've finished your lesson you may have to go to someones house to pick up the next pupil for their driving lesson. They then drive you home which could take some time depending on their skill level.

If you learn with Richard Miller driving school you will be the only pupil having driving lessons in Bradford and driving lessons in Halifax at any one time. I will pick you up for your driving lessons from work, school, home or anywhere in Bradford or Halifax, within reason, that you need to be picked up. I'll then teach you  for the full time agreed and drop you off at the end of the lesson at another place of your choice. This could even save you a bus or taxi fare, and get you used to the route that you may well be driving once you have passed your driving test

 

Is your driving instructor working for free?

Driving instructors who work for a national driving school such as AA, BSM or RED have to pay a weekly franchise fee for the privilege. This can be as much as £400 a week to use the driving school car and to have pupils supplied to them by the driving school. This fee also pays for the call centre staff to do a job they don't do too well and makes sure the staff get a Christmas party using your money. Not to forget the company directors annual bonus.

Instructors also have to pay for their own fuel, which may be up to £150 a week depending on how busy they are. This could mean they have to pay £550 a week before they start to earn money from driving lessons. If I had to pay out that much before I started earning money each week I think I'd probably be a bit of a grumpy old sod. I would have to work 22 hours, even if I were charging £25 an hour, before I would break even. 

This forces these instructors to squeeze out every penny from their pupils. Time wasting, booking extra lessons, holding back from putting you in for your test even though you are ready. Just so they can continue paying for the directors of their driving school to lounge about on holiday or to pay the call centre staff to be unhelpful and rude as they often seem to be.

Luckily I own my own driving school car and, as an independent driving instructor, I don't have to worry about paying an expensive franchise fee to the driving school. I will give you honest feedback about your driving lessons, and I will make sure you book your test in good time so your not having unnecessary driving lessons. I won't be spending money on expensive TV advertising and have no staff to pay. All this means I'm less stressed and can concentrate on giving you your money's worth by providing top quality driving lessons, at a competitive price, always!

Here is a link to the DSA's official advice on selecting a driving instructor.

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Congratulations to Ruth

I would like to congratulate my pupil Ruth on passing her driving theory test at the first attempt. A great result!

She didn't need to buy any books as every pupil doing driving lessons in Bradford and driving lessons in Halifax with Richard Miller driving school gets free theory test training with theory test pro.

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Theory test topics - Safety margins

It's essential that you always keep in mind the safety of not only yourself, but your passengers and other road users as well.
Reduce your chances of being involved in a road traffic incident by knowing safety margins and the risk of not adhering to them. Never take unnecessary risks. Position yourself appropriately, eg when on bends, to improve your view of the road ahead.
Keep control of your car by using the correct procedures. For instance, when you're travelling downhill, control your speed by

• selecting a lower gear
• braking gently.

Don't ‘coast' (ie travel in neutral or with the clutch pressed down) – it reduces your control.

Stopping distance

Leave enough room between you and the car in front so you can pull up safely if it slows down or stops suddenly. Your overall stopping distance is the distance your car travels

• from the moment you realise you must brake
• to the moment the vehicle stops.

This is made up of thinking distance and braking distance.
Study the typical thinking, braking and stopping distances given in The Highway Code. The figures given are the stopping distances if you're travelling in a vehicle with good tyres and brakes

• on a dry road
• in good conditions.

Don't just learn the figures – you need to be able to judge the distance. A useful method is to leave a two-second time gap between yourself and the vehicle in front. This will be covered with Richard Miller driving school when you have driving lessons in Bradford or driving lessons in Halifax by the two second rule.
In other conditions you need to increase these distances:

• when it's raining or the road is wet – double the distance (four second rule)
• when it's icy – ten times the distance (twenty second rule)

In faster conditions such as on motorways, increasing the distance between vehicles helps to lower the risk of collision.

Weather conditions

Weather conditions have a great effect on your safety margins. If the weather's really bad, such as snow, ice or thick fog, consider whether your journey's really necessary. Never underestimate the dangers.
Before starting a journey in freezing weather, clear ice and snow from your windows, lights, mirrors and number plates.
When driving

• use the highest gear you can
• brake gently and in plenty of time
• be prepared to stop and clean your windscreen by hand if the wipers aren't effective.

When it's foggy

• allow more time for your journey
• slow down as your visibility is reduced
• increase the gap between your vehicle and the one in front of you
• use dipped headlights even in daylight. If visibility falls below 100 metres (328 feet) use fog lights if you've got them. Remember to switch them off when the fog lifts.

In wet conditions always maintain a safe separation distance, particularly if another vehicle overtakes and pulls in front of you. This often happens during driving lessons in Halifax or driving lessons in Bradford.
Aquaplaning may happen in heavy rain. The tyres lift off the road surface and skate on a film of water. The steering becomes light. On ice, the tyres make hardly any noise.
If this happens

• ease off the accelerator
• don't brake until your steering feels normal again.

If you've driven through deep water such as a ford or a flood, test your brakes. If necessary, dry them out by pressing lightly on the brake pedal as you go along.
Hot weather can also pose a danger. The road surface could become soft and your tyres might not grip so well. This may affect your

• braking
• steering.

Bright sunlight can dazzle. Other drivers might not be able to see your indicators blinking if they are dazzled. Consider giving an arm signal as well.
High winds can blow you off course, especially on an open stretch of road. They have an even greater effect on high-sided vehicles, motorcyclists and cyclists. Take care if you pass these road users as they may be blown off course by a sudden gust. Allow extra room and then check your left side as you pass them.

Skidding

Skidding is mainly caused by the driver. Drivers need to adjust their driving to the road, weather and traffic conditions.
There's most risk of skidding in wet or icy conditions. Black ice isn't obvious until you feel the steering becoming light. Be aware that in very cold weather it could be a hazard.
Reduce the risk of skidding and wheelspin by driving

• at a low speed
• in as high a gear as possible.

Scan the road ahead for clues such as road signs and markings. You shouldn't then be taken by surprise. You can

• slow down gradually before you reach the hazard, such as a bend
• avoid sudden steering movements.

If you do start skidding

• release the footbrake and reapply it gently
• steer smoothly in the direction of the skid – if the back of the car skids to the right, steer carefully to the right, and vice versa.

Anti-lock braking systems (ABS) reduce the risk of skidding if you have to brake in an emergency. Wheel speed sensors anticipate when a wheel is about to lock. If you're driving a vehicle with ABS

• apply the footbrake rapidly and firmly
• don't release the brake pedal until you have stopped.

ABS doesn't necessarily reduce your stopping distance but you can continue to steer while braking because the wheels are prevented from locking. It may not work as effectively where there's

• surface water
• a loose road surface.

Contraflow systems

Where a temporary contraflow system is in operation you will be travelling close to oncoming traffic, sometimes in narrow lanes. When you enter a contraflow system you should

• reduce speed in good time
• choose an appropriate lane in good time
• keep the correct separation distance.

FAQs

Why does my driving instructor in Bradford tell me to keep well to the left before a right-hand bend?
Keeping well to the left improves your view of the road ahead and gives you an earlier indication of any hazards.
How can I park my driving school car safely on a downhill slope?
Apply the handbrake firmly and turn the steering wheel towards the kerb. This will help stop your vehicle rolling downhill.
What are the benefits of a four- wheel drive vehicle?
It has improved road holding. The extra grip helps when travelling on slippery or uneven roads.
I know overtaking is a dangerous manoeuvre – are there any places that I definitely need to avoid?
Always ensure you've enough time to complete the manoeuvre safely. In particular don't overtake

• where your view ahead is blocked (eg by a bend)
• when approaching a junction
• if you're intending to turn off the road shortly afterwards.

Why are there so many speed humps around on my driving lessons in Halifax?
These traffic calming measures are normally found in built-up areas to improve the safety of the area. Slow right down as you approach and drive over them.

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